- 1- Hydrogen subsurface storage
- Site Screening & Feasibility Assessment
- • Geological Site Selection for Hydrogen Storage:
- Salt caverns, depleted gas fields, porous aquifers, and hard rock caverns
- • Volumetric Storage Capacity Assessment
- Calculation of hydrogen column height, energy density, cushion gas volume
- • GIS-Based Mapping of Storage Opportunities
- Use of EU/global geological viewers to assess hydrogen storage proximity to infrastructure and renewables
- • Integration Planning with Existing Energy Infrastructure
- Wind, solar, grid, and hydrogen supply chain
- Subsurface Characterization & Modeling
- • Geophysical & Geomechanical Investigations:
- ERT, TEM, seismic & gravity for structural mapping and fault detection
- • Hydrogeological & Petrophysical Modeling:
- Porosity, permeability (absolute, relative), capillary pressure, wettability, and pore size distribution
- • Hydrogen Flow & Thermodynamic Modeling:
- Advection, diffusion, dispersion, viscous fingering, thermal effects
- • Geomechanical Risk Assessment:
- Stress-strain response, fault reactivation, microseismicity, cyclic pressure impacts
- Geochemistry & Microbiology Risk Analysis
- • Geochemical Compatibility Assessment:
- Hydrogen-mineral reactions (e.g., pyrite, calcite, clays), gas composition evolution
- • Well Cement and Casing Interaction Studies:
- Evaluation of chemical degradation risk and integrity failure
- • Microbial Impact Studies:
- H₂S generation, microbial hydrogen consumption, corrosion, clogging, subsurface biodiversity change
- • Reservoir Reactivity Classification:
- Screening storage formations based on risk of mineral dissolution or microbial reactivity
- Design & Engineering Services
- • Hydrogen Cavern and Reservoir Design:
- Salt cavern leaching, engineered rock cavern stability, aquifer injection-well design
- • Well Design and Integrity Assurance:
- Casing selection, cementing plans, sealing systems
- • Surface Infrastructure Suitability Studies:
- Materials compatibility, facility lifecycle assessments
- Monitoring & Risk Management
- • Advanced Monitoring System Design:
- Real-time geophysical (seismic/microseismic), electrical resistivity, and pressure/temperature logging
- • Well & Site Integrity Monitoring:
- Cement bond logging, casing inspection, neutron/sonic logs, annulus pressure checks
- • Leakage Risk Assessment:
- Through active wells, abandoned wells, or fault zones
- • Microseismic Monitoring Programs:
- Induced seismicity from cyclic injection
- • Groundwater & Soil Microbial Community Monitoring
- Baseline and impact studies
- Operational Support & Lifecycle Management
- • Injection & Withdrawal Strategy Optimization
- Rates, pressures, temperature control, minimizing hysteresis and deformation
- • Cushion Gas Planning & Modeling
- Cost-performance analysis of H₂, N₂, CH₄, etc.
- • Depleted Field Re-Purposing Assessments
- Suitability evaluation for converting existing gas fields
- • Post-Injection Long-Term Surveillance Plans
- Remote monitoring, environmental compliance, public reporting
- • Public Engagement & Risk Communication
- Strategy development for licensing and stakeholder support
- 2- Carbon capture and storage
- 1. Feasibility Studies & Concept Development
- • Strategic CCS Planning for Energy Transition
- CCS-EOR integration (Enhanced Oil Recovery)
- Industrial-scale CCS scenario modeling
- Emissions reduction planning & lifecycle CO₂ accounting
- • Screening of Storage Options
- Depleted oil/gas fields, deep saline aquifers, basalt formations
- Appraisal of regional CO₂ point sources and dispersion levels
- • Volumetric & Mass Capacity Estimation
- CO₂ storage capacity modeling using porosity and pressure data
- CO₂ P-T phase modeling and density calculations
- • Assessment of Required CCS Projects
- Based on national/regional emission data
- 2. Subsurface Characterization & Reservoir Modeling
- • Reservoir Geology and Geophysics
- Static & conceptual models for aquifers
- Sedimentology, connectivity, and caprock integrity mapping
- • Porosity & Permeability Assessment
- Core analysis, thin section studies, well logging data
- • Injection & Flow Simulation
- CO₂ plume behavior modeling
- Flow rate simulation based on varying aquifer permeability
- • Stress & Geomechanical Modeling
- Injection-induced pressure changes, risk of rock failure or fracturing
- Stress-strain analysis from well data
- 3. Geochemical & Geomechanical Interaction Studies
- • Mineralogical Compatibility Studies
- Reaction with CO₂: calcite, anhydrite, dawsonite, clays, pyrite, etc.
- • Well Cement & Caprock Stability Assessment
- Risk of mineral dissolution, precipitation, or degradation
- • Porosity & Strength Evolution Modeling
- Changes due to mineral dissolution and secondary precipitation
- • Risk Analysis for Top-Seal Integrity
- SCAL data, capillary entry pressures, ductility, and brittleness assessment
- 4. Site Integrity, Risk Assessment & Safety
- • Leakage Risk Evaluation
- Fractures, fault zones, old wells, thief zones, lateral escape
- • Injection Well Completion & Integrity Design
- Cement integrity evaluation, corrosion risk mitigation
- • Geohazard Assessment
- Induced seismicity, fracking, and surface deformation risk
- 5. Monitoring & Verification (MMV) Programs
- • 4D Seismic, Microseismic, and Gravity Monitoring
- CO₂ plume tracking and integrity assurance
- • Geochemical Monitoring
- Water acidity, CO₂ saturation, isotopic tracing
- • Monitoring Wells & Annular Pressure Checks
- Routine logging (neutron, cement bond, sonic, temperature, etc.)
- • Surface & Seafloor Monitoring
- For offshore CCS projects
- 6. Technology & Data-Driven Solutions
- • Digital Twin of CCS Sites
- Real-time monitoring integration and decision support
- • AI & Machine Learning for Risk Prediction
- CO₂ migration patterns, leakage alerts, and plume behavior
- • GIS-Based CCS Site Mapping & Visualization
- Spatial analysis for planning and compliance
- 3- Geothermal
- Resource Assessment
- Evaluating geothermal potential through advanced geological and geophysical studies.
- • Geological, geochemical & geophysical surveys
- • Temperature gradient & heat flow analysis
- • Reservoir characterization & conceptual modeling
- • GIS-based geothermal potential mapping
- • Pre-drilling site selection and prioritization
- Resource Development
- Supporting clients from site exploration to production planning.
- • Exploration drilling design & supervision
- • Well targeting & logging interpretation
- • Drilling data integration and model refinement
- • Support for permitting & regulatory compliance
- • Surface infrastructure layout planning
- Resource Management
- Ensuring sustainable, long-term reservoir performance.
- • Reservoir simulation and pressure-temperature modeling
- • Reinjection strategy design
- • Monitoring and performance optimization
- • Capacity assessments and reservoir forecasting
- • Environmental monitoring and compliance
- Integrated Technical Support
- Delivering tailored, multidisciplinary support for geothermal projects.
- • Feasibility studies and techno-economic analysis
- • Risk assessment & mitigation planning
- • Environmental & social impact assessments (EIA/ESIA)
- • Support for power plant integration and design
- • Lithium and critical mineral co-production analysis